Reference Tables for Water Quality

Project Chief
Denis Healy

Streamflow, physical properties, dissolved major and trace elements, solids,nutrient, and organic carbon.

Station 04121640 - May 22, 2000 - Muskegon River near Big Rapids, Mich. (Upper)

Station 04121650 - May 23, 2000 - Muskegon River at Big Rapids, Mich. (Lower)

Suspended sediment and bedload data.

Station 04121640 - Muskegon River near Big Rapids, Mich. (Upper)

Station 04121650 - Muskegon River at Big Rapids, Mich. (Lower)

Michigan Real-Time Water Quality Data

Station 04121650 - Muskegon River at Big Rapids, Mich. (Lower)

Reference Tables for Water Quality- Streamflow, physical properties, dissolved major and trace elements, solids, nutrient, and organic carbon.

STATE/LOCAL COOPERATOR

City of Big Rapids

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Streamflow, physical properties, dissolved major and trace elements, solids, nutrient, and organic carbon.

[ft3/sec, cubic feet per second; °C, degrees Celsius; NA, not applicable; mm of Hg, millimeters of mercury; mS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; mg/L, milligrams per liter; NTU, nephelometric turbidity unit; *, laboratory reporting level; ICP, inductively coupled plasma; IC, ion chromatography; ASF, automated-segmented flow, colorimetric; ISE, ion selective electrode; mg/L, micrograms per liter; AA, atomic absorption; dis, dissolved; SH, salicylate-hypochlorate; MD, microkjeldahl digestion; wwr, whole water recoverable; CdR-D, cadmium reduction-diazotization; AC, automated colorimetry; Phom, phosphomolybdate ]

Analyte	Parameter code	Reporting level	Units	Analytical method	Reference
Streamflow, physical properties, and dissolved oxygen
streamflow, instantaneous	00061	0.01	ft³/sec	current meter	Rantz and others, 1982
water temperature	00010	-5.0	°C	thermistor	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
barometric pressure	00025	NA	mm of Hg	measured	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
specific conductance	00095	1	mS/cm	electrometric	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
dissolved oxygen	00300	0.1	mg/L	amperometric	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
pH (hydrogen ion activity)	00400	0 - 14	pH units	electrometric	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
alkalinity field, dissolved	39086	0	mg/L as CaCO₃	incremental titration	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
turbidity	00076A	0.1	NTU	nephelometry	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
Major elements, trace elements, and solids
bicarbonate field, dissolved	00453	0	mg/L	incremental titration	Wilde and Radtke, 1998
calcium	00915D	0.02*	mg/L	ICP	Fishman, 1993
chloride	00940J	.29*	mg/L	IC	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
fluoride	00950B	.10*	mg/L	ASF,ISE	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
iron	01046D	10*	mg/L	ICP	Fishman, 1993
magnesium	00925C	.014*	mg/L	ICP	Fishman, 1993
manganese	01056C	2.2*	mg/L	ICP	Fishman, 1993
potassium	00935B	0.24*	mg/L	AA, flame	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
silica	00955D	0.09*	mg/L	ICP	Fishman, 1993
sodium	00930C	0.09*	mg/L	ICP	Fishman, 1993
sulfate	00945G	0.31*	mg/L	IC	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
residue, 180 °C	70300A	10	mg/L	Gravimetric	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
Nutrients and organic carbon
nitrogen, ammonia, dis.	00608F	.02	mg/L	ASF, SH	Fishman, 1993
nitrogen, ammonia + organic, dis	00623D	.1*	mg/L	ASF, MD	Patton and Truitt, 1992
nitrogen, ammonia + organic, wwr	00625D	0.1*	mg/L	ASF, MD	unpublished
nitrogen, nitrite, dis	00613F	.01	mg/L	ASF	Fishman, 1993
nitrogen, nitrite + nitrate, dis	00631E	.05	mg/L	ASF, CdR-D	Fishman, 1993
phosphorus, dis	00666G	.006*	mg/L	EPA 365.1 AC	USEPA, 1993
phosphorus, wwr	00665G	.008*	mg/L	EPA 365.1 AC	USEPA, 1993
phosphorus, phosphate, orthophosphate	00671H	.01	mg/L	ASF-Phom	Fishman, 1993
carbon, organic, total, wwr	00680A	.27*	mg/L	wet oxidation	Wershaw and others, 1987
carbon, organic, dissolved	00681A	.33	mg/L	uv-promoted oxidation	Breton and Arnett, 1993

Whole water recoverable major and trace elements.

[*, laboratory reporting level; mg/L, micrograms per liter; ICP, inductively coupled plasma; GFAA, graphite furnace atomic absorption; mg/L, micrograms per liter; AA, atomic absorption; MCV, manual cold vapor]

Analyte	Parameter code	Reporting level	Units	Analytical method	Reference
aluminum	01105D	28*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
antimony	01097C	1	mg/L	EPA 200.9 GFAA	USEPA, 1994
arsenic	01002E	2.6*	mg/L	GFAA	Jones and Gabarino, 1999
barium	01007C	.9*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
beryllium	01012C	5*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
cadmium	01027F	.11*	mg/L	GFAA	Fishman, 1993
calcium	00916C	.033*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
chromium	01034E	1*	mg/L	GFAA	McLain, 1993
cobalt	01037F	1.8*	mg/L	GFAA	Fishman, 1993
copper	01042G	20*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
iron	01045C	21*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
lead	01051F	1*	mg/L	GFAA	Fishman, 1993
lithium	01132B	7*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
magnesium	00927C	.024*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
manganese	01055D	2.8*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
mercury	71900B	.3*	mg/L	AA, MCV	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
molybdenum	01062B	1	mg/L	GFAA	Jones and McLain, 1997
nickel	01067F	1.8*	mg/L	GFAA	Fishman, 1993
potassium	00937B	.1	mg/L	AA, flame	Fishman and Friedman, 1989
selenium	01147D	2.6*	mg/L	GFAA	Jones and Gabarino, 1999
silver	01077F	1	mg/L	GFAA	Fishman, 1993
sodium	00929C	.18*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
strontium	01082B	.18*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998
zinc	01092C	31*	mg/L	ICP	Garbarino and Struzeski, 1998

Dissolved pesticides.

[CAS, Chemical Abstracts Registry; mg/L, micrograms per liter] Pesticides in filtered water extracted by the National Water-Quality Laboratory on C-18 Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) cartridge and analyzed by Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) (Zaugg and others, 1995).

Analyte	Parameter code	CAS number	Laboratory reporting level	Units

2,6-diethylaniline	82660D	579-66-8	0.003	mg/L
acetochlor	49260D	34256-82-1	.002	mg/L
alachlor	46342D	15972-60-8	.002	mg/L
alpha-HCH	34253D	319-84-6	.002	mg/L
atrazine	39632D	1912-24-9	.001	mg/L
azinphos-methyl	82686D	86-50-0	.001	mg/L
benfluralin	82673D	1861-40-1	.002	mg/L
butylate	04028D	2008-41-5	.002	mg/L
carbaryl	82680D	63-25-2	.003	mg/L
carbofuran	82674D	1563-66-2	.003	mg/L
chlorpyrifos	38933D	2921-88-2	.004	mg/L
cis-permethrin	82687D	54774-45-7	.005	mg/L
cyanazine	04041D	21725-46-2	.004	mg/L
Dacthal	82682D	1861-32-1	.002	mg/L
deethylatrazine	04040D	6190-65-4	.002	mg/L
diazinon	39572D	333-41-5	.002	mg/L
Dieldrin	39381D	60-57-1	.001	mg/L
disulfoton	82677D	298-04-4	.017	mg/L
EPTC	82668D	759-94-4	.002	mg/L
ethafluralin	82663D	55283-68-6	.004	mg/L
ethoprophos	82672D	13194-48-4	.003	mg/L
Fonofos	04092D	944-22-9	.003	mg/L
Lindane	39341D	58-89-9	.004	mg/L
Linuron	82666D	330-55-2	.002	mg/L
malathion	39532D	121-75-5	.005	mg/L
metolachlor	39415D	51218-45-2	.002	mg/L
metribuzin	82630D	21087-64-9	.004	mg/L
molinate	82671D	2212-67-1	.004	mg/L
napropamide	82684D	15299-99-7	.003	mg/L
parathion	39542D	56-38-2	.004	mg/L
parathion-methyl	82667D	298-00-0	.006	mg/L
pebulate	82669D	1114-71-2	.004	mg/L
pendimethalin	82683D	40487-42-1	.004	mg/L
Phorate	82664D	298-02-2	.002	mg/L
p,p’-DDE	34653D	72-55-9	.006	mg/L
prometon	04037D	1610-18-0	.018	mg/L
pronamide	82676D	23950-58-5	.003	mg/L
propachlor	04024D	1918-16-7	.007	mg/L
propanil	82679D	709-98-8	.004	mg/L
propargite	82685D	2312-35-8	.013	mg/L
simazine	04035D	122-34-9	.005	mg/L
tebuthiuron	82670D	34014-18-1	.010	mg/L
Terbacil	82665D	5902-51-2	.007	mg/L
terbufos	82675D	13071-79-9	.013	mg/L
thiobencarb	82681D	28249-77-6	.002	mg/L
tri-allate	82678D	2303-17-5	.001	mg/L
trifluralin	82661D	1582-09-8	.002	mg/L

References

Breton, R,W., and Arnett, T.L., 1993, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Laboratory-Determination of dissolved organic carbon by uv-promoted persulfate oxidation and infrared spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-480, 12 p.

Fishman, M.J., 1993, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--Determination of inorganic and organic constituents in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-125, 217 p.

Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., 1989, Methods for determination of inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, 545 p.

Garbarino, J.R., and Struzeski, T.M., 1998, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of elementsin whole-water digests using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-165, 101 p.

Jones, S.R., and Garbarino, J.R., 1999, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--Determination of arsenic and selenium in water and sediment by graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-639, 39 p.

Jones, S.R., and McLain, B.J., 1997, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of molybdenum in water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-198, 25 p.

McLain, B.J., 1993, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--Determination of chromium in water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-449, 16 p.

Patton, C.J., and Truitt, E.P., 1992, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--Determination of total phosphorus by a Kjeldahl digestion method and an automated colorimetric finish that includes dialysis: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-146, 39 p.

Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982, Measurement and computation of streamflow: volume 2. Computation of discharge: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175, 631 p.

USEPA, 1993, Methods for the determination of inorganic substances in environmental samples: EPA/600/R-93/100.

USEPA, 1994, Trace elements by stabilized temperature graphite furnace atomin absorption spectrometry: EPA/600/R-94/111.

Wershaw, R.L., Fishman, M.J., Grabbe, R.R., and Lowe, L.E., eds., 1987, Methods for the determination of organic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A3, 80 p.

Wilde, F.D,, and Radtke, D.B., eds., 1998, Field measurements - National field manual for the collection of water-quality data: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 9, chap A6. 246 p.

Zaugg, S.D., Sandstrom, M.W., Smith, S.G., and Fehlberg, K.M., 1995, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory--Determination of pesticides in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-181, 60 p.

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